The behavior is different for all t

The behavior is different for all the Mn3O4/TiO2/GF catalysts under UV/NTP since theexperimental ethanol conversion is largely higher than the calculation of only additive effect of UV and NTP. This synergy effect and the low residual ozone concentration suggests, as already proposed [21, 22] that UV could favor ozone activation on TiO2 surface and its transfer on manganese oxide as oxidative species. The best result is obtained with the Ch/TiO2/GF catalyst suggesting that an optimum exists in the TiO2 coverage by MnOx particles situated between large MnO2 particles and nanosized Mn3O4 particles (see Table 1).