In the diagram, S represents the st

In the diagram, S represents the stimulus environment, and R, the response. An illustration of this training situation would be learning to type, which is basically learning when to push the right keys. The most important part of the stimulus environment should be the manuscript to be typed. When trainees make the correct response, they should be reinforced to strengthen the association between the stimulus and the response. The reinforcement could be verbal praise from an instructor or the feedback that tells trainees they have made the correct response.When the organism does not already know how to make the correct response, two important processes are involved in training: chaining and shaping Chaining consists of combining a series of simple responses into a complex response pattern Changing a flat tire, for example is not a single response but a combination of several responses. Each response changes the stimulus environment and serves as a cue for the next response. For example, raising the car becomes the stimulus for loosening the lug nuts. Only the final response is reinforced. Chaining can be diagramed in this way.