As mentioned in Chapter 2, RGB-D cameras have two lenses, and the external parameters between the lenses are known. Therefore, when performing external reference calibration, any one of these lenses can be used. Here, an RGB camera is used. The camera model can be represented by a pinhole model. A certain point p in space is observed by the camera and lidar at the same time, its coordinate is defined as p in the camera pixel plane, its coordinate is defined as p in the image plane, and its coordinate is defined as p in the camera coordinate system.
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