One of the most recent outcomes of

One of the most recent outcomes of the life cycle assessment community is theLCA-ReCiPe2016 [12], a harmonized life cycle impact assessment method at midpoint and endpoint level. The midpoint metrics denote a potential impact located somewhere along the cause-impact pathway, while endpoint metrics reflect damage at one of three areas of protection which are human health, ecosystem quality and resource scarcity [12,13]. Most previous works have been characterized by a single approach, interpreting results mainly at the midpoint level, not providing a complete picture on how the impact pathway affects the environment and the three areas of protection (i.e., human health, natural environment, and resource scarcity). In line with the updated impact assessmentmethod, a novel aspect of the ReCiPe 2016 alongside other environmental impacts is to include five novel impact pathways: water consumption on human health, terrestrial ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems; climate change on freshwater ecosystems, and tropospheric ozone formation on terrestrial ecosystems. Water consumption is one the emerging categories with the greatest interest to the life-cycle analysis (LCA) of alternative fuels [12,14]. Particularly, the consideration of water consumption andwater-related effects is crucial in LCA studies that include water-intensive hydrogen production chains like electrolysis or biomass pathways.