Tolerance occurs due to the need for increasing doses to achieve the same pain relief and will not be avoided with the use of the Tylenol(泰诺). Addiction is a complex condition where the drug is used for psychological effect and not analgesia. We need to educate families about theappropriate use of opioids and assure them that addiction is not a concern when managing cancer pain. Nonpharmacologic methods are useful to assist in pain control as an adjunct(辅助). Self-report is the best assessment of pain and is an individual response.