Big data is the inevitable result of the rapid development of information technology and computing methods. Today's society is a society with rapid development. With the development of science and technology and the circulation of information, people and things communicate more and more closely and frequently, resulting in a huge amount of data. In today's world, data is ubiquitous, and data has penetrated into every industry and business function field, and has become an important production factor. With the increasing types of data and explosive growth of information, the era of big data has come. The word "big data" is also mentioned more and more. What is big data? Big data is not only to describe and define the massive data generated in the era of explosive information, but also to name the technological development and innovation related to it. It has become an important resource and plays an irreplaceable role and important role in the process of social development. In this paper, data analysis, literature review and online query are used to briefly introduce the concept, characteristics and development of big data, analyze the challenges and development trend of big data, and finally summarize the full text and prospect the big data.<br>
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