Statistical analyses were performed with the use of GraphPad Prism version 6.02 (GraphPadSoftware), R 3.4.4, and STATA 15. Tumor viability is reported as the average percent viability of alltargeted tumors on H&E stained histologic sections. Mean values are reported as mean ± SD of themean. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality. For normally distributed data,two-tailed t test was performed to assess the statistical significance of differences in mean values.For the case of individual metabolite levels before and after embolization, data were not normallydistributed, and the Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare metabolite measures betweentime points. Quasi-least squares (QLS) regression was used to model the alanine-to-lactate ratioover time adjusted for pyruvate. The regression models were implemented using the xtqls function inSTATA 15.0. QLS is an alternative method for estimating the correlation parameters within theframework of the generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach. It allows for implementation ofthe autoregressive correlation structure among repeated measures that are unequally spaced intime.