To compare the changes from Moody’s and Fitch to the changes fromS&P for the same bonds, we require each bond to have two ratings, whereone rating is from S&P. The dependent variable, Relative Change in RatingFees, is the rating fee charged by Moody’s or Fitch on a bond in the postperiod less the fee charged on the matched bond in the preperiod less thechange in fees charged by S&P on the exact same bonds