然而，这些非贵金属催化剂难以真正实现工业化应用，一方面因为其催化活性仍

However, these non-noble metal catalysts are difficult to truly achieve industrial application. On the one hand, because of their catalytic activity, they still cannot surpass platinum, on the other hand, their synthetic conditions are difficult to scale up and prepare.

However, these non-precious metal catalysts are difficult to achieve real industrial application, on the one hand, because their catalytic activity is still not beyond platinum, on the other hand, its synthesis conditions are difficult to enlarge the preparation

However, these non noble metal catalysts are difficult to realize industrial application. On the one hand, their catalytic activity is still unable to exceed that of platinum, on the other hand, their synthesis conditions are harsh and it is difficult to scale up their preparation<br>